The traditional white diamonds (colorless diamonds) are created from a complex process involving super-heated, highly pressurized carbon molecules close to the Earth’s core. Natural Colored diamonds are created in the same fashion, with one unique difference. When foreign particulates are trapped in the diamond during the crystallization process they alter the chemical process and thus, change the outcome. The results very often are spectacular! Colored gem-quality Diamonds are extremely rare and exceptionally beautiful.
Color diamonds are an extremely rare "fluke" of nature. The ratio of colorless diamonds to colored diamonds is said to be 1 to 10,000. To be blunter, it means that less than 0.0001% of the gem-quality diamonds that are mined are natural colored diamonds. Colored diamonds come in as many hues and intensities as Mother Nature can possibly muster. Different trace minerals and particulates trapped in the diamond during its formation can result in the formation of different hues, as well as a variety of intensity of those hues. They are many reasons behind the color, color intensity, and hue saturation. Some are due, but not limited to the influence of trace minerals trapped in the diamond crystal, some are the product of the variations in pressure exerted to produce the diamonds, as well as radiation levels in the Earth’s mantle layer. In order to produce a particular hue, thousands of variables must be present in just the right amounts, at just the right times.
While the vast majority of diamonds fall in the D-to-Z color range, nature occasionally produces diamonds with a naturally occurring blue, brown, pink, deep yellow or even green hue. The geological conditions required to yield these colors are rare, making diamonds with distinct and naturally occurring shades scarce and highly prized.
Unlike colorless and near-colorless diamonds, fancy-color diamonds are evaluated less for brilliance or fire and more for color intensity. Shades that are deep and distinct are rated higher than weak or pale shades.
GIA describes color in terms of hue, tone and saturation. Hue refers to the diamond’s characteristic color, tone refers to the color’s relative lightness or darkness and saturation refers the color’s depth or strength. Using highly controlled viewing conditions and color comparators, a fancy color grader selects one of 27 hues, then describes tone and saturation with terms such as “Fancy Light,” “Fancy Intense,” and “Fancy Vivid.” The color system GIA developed is used worldwide.
GIA offers two types of grading reports for colored diamonds. The GIA Colored Diamond Grading Report contains the same comprehensive diamond 4Cs information as the GIA Diamond Grading Report, while the GIA Colored Diamond Identification and Origin Report (also known as the color-only report) is limited to color grade and the origin of the color (natural or treated) as well as carat weight, clarity, and a plotted diagram of its clarity characteristics. As an optional service, a full-color image of the diamond may also be included.
As an optional service, a full-color image of the diamond may also be included. Unlike GIA’s D-to-Z color grading system, which is based on the relative absence of color, colored diamond color grading is based on the presence of color. Using a controlled viewing and lighting environment and a comprehensive set of color comparators, trained graders consistently determine the characteristic color of a diamond and assign a color grade (“pink,” for example). The hue chosen is modified by a “Fancy-grade” term, such as Fancy Light, Fancy, Fancy Intense, Fancy Deep, Fancy Vivid or Fancy Dark, which describes the combined effect of tone and saturation.
The laboratory issues this report on loose, natural colored diamonds weighing 0.15 carats or more. The GIA Colored Diamond Grading Report is not issued for synthetics, simulants, mounted diamonds or those that have undergone unstable treatments, such as fracture-filling or coating. Any evidence of other treatment is prominently disclosed in the report.
The GIA Colored Diamond Identification and Origin Report describes the color grade of a colored diamond as well as its origin of color (natural or treated). As an optional service, a full-color image of the diamond may also be included.
Both mounted and loose natural colored diamonds of any size can be submitted for this report service. The GIA Colored Diamond Identification and Origin Report is not issued for synthetics, simulants, or diamonds that have undergone unstable treatments, such as fracture-filled or coated diamonds. Any evidence of other treatment is prominently disclosed in the report.
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